eCommerce Logistics
November 25, 2024

Logistics 101: An Introduction to the World of Logistics

The English word ‘logistics’ comes from the French word ‘logistique’ and traces back to 1846 when it was included in a book about warfare. Today we’re exploring what logistics really means in correlation with what iDrive Logistics does.
Brett Haskins

Imagine pouring all your hard work into a product and finally capturing your customers’ interest. Great work, right? But what happens once you secure a sale? In the fast-paced world of eCommerce, logistics is the backbone that ensures products reach your customers efficiently. When done right, it can boost satisfaction and drive business growth.

With the sector projected to surpass €13.7 billion by 2027, understanding and optimizing logistics is more critical than ever!

So, what exactly is logistics, and why is it important? We’ll explore the basics, explain how it works, and share best practices for effective logistics management.

What is Logistics?

Logistics encompasses a range of activities, including:

  • Transportation
  • Warehousing
  • Inventory management
  • Order fulfillment
  • Supply chain integration

The goal? To deliver products to the right place, at the right time, efficiently and cost-effectively. That, while meeting customer demands and maintaining operational efficiency.

In business, logistics involves transporting, purchasing, and storing goods or materials. It is relevant to various companies and aims to find the best way to get something from point A to point B. 

How Good Logistics Can Help Businesses Succeed

Logistics is vital to a business's success because it ensures timely delivery throughout the supply chain. Efficient logistics allows businesses to adapt to market changes, minimize disruptions, and streamline processes. 

These logistics factors can contribute to long-term profitability and growth:

Efficient operations

Logistics ensures that goods move smoothly by optimizing transportation, warehousing, and inventory management. Pro tip: logistics management software can help automate and track processes in real-time, providing more efficient decision-making!

Cost reduction

Effective logistics helps businesses determine the most cost-effective shipping routes and methods. This reduces transportation costs and fuel consumption. Logistics can also help reduce overstocking, minimize holding costs, and lower the risk of excess inventory.

Customer satisfaction

On-time deliveries help enhance customer loyalty, resulting in repeat customers for a business. Advanced logistics systems allow customers to track their shipments for transparency and peace of mind.

Market expansion

Logistics allows businesses to tap into new markets by managing the complexities of international shipping, customs regulations, and cross-border supply chains. Logistics systems also enable businesses to scale operations smoothly as they expand into new regions. These systems can handle increased demand without compromising service quality.

Sustainability

Modern logistics focuses on reducing environmental impact through:

  • Eco-friendly transportation modes
  • Optimized routes
  • Better packaging practices

Logistics also helps implement sustainable initiatives like reducing carbon emissions and using fuel-efficient vehicles.

What Are the Types of Logistics?

Logistics comes in various forms, each tailored to a specific supply chain segment. Here's a quick guide to the most common types of logistics and what sets each apart:

  • Inbound logistics focuses on transporting, storing, and receiving goods entering a business. It also involves supplier management, procurement, receipt, and inventory control of raw materials or components needed for production.
  • Outbound logistics focuses on storing and distributing finished goods to the end customer or retailers. It includes warehousing, order processing, transportation, and delivery.
  • Reverse logistics deals with the flow of goods from the customer to the company for returns, repairs, recycling, or disposal. It ensures that returned goods are processed efficiently and can be included in the supply chain or disposed of sustainably.
  • Third-party logistics (3PL) involves outsourcing logistics functions externally. The third-party provider manages services such as transportation, warehousing, and distribution on behalf of a business.

What Are the Processes Involved in Logistics?

Logistics has a series of interconnected steps that work together to ensure efficient order fulfillment, inventory management, and timely delivery. Here's an overview of the critical processes in logistics:

Planning

Planning includes anticipating customer demand to plan inventory levels and stock allocation and ensure the logistics system can meet future demands. It also includes determining which routes are most efficient, less costly, and sustainable.

Inventory Management

Inventory management focuses on monitoring inventory levels to ensure that stock is available when needed to prevent stockouts or overstocking. This process uses software or a warehouse management system (WMS) to track goods in real-time to maintain optimal inventory levels based on forecasted demand.

Order Processing

Order processing involves receiving customer orders online, by phone, or in person and entering them into the system. The next steps include picking, packing, preparing orders for shipment, and generating an invoice for completed orders.

Warehousing

Warehousing ensures enough space within the warehouse to organize and manage the storage of goods through different methods. This also involves selecting items from inventory for order fulfillment and using technology to increase efficiency in warehouse operations.

Customer Service

Customer service is a crucial step in logistics. It ensures customers are updated on their orders, including delivery timelines and statuses. It also includes:

  • Addressing customer complaints
  • Managing customer concerns
  • Offering after-sales support services like return, exchange, maintenance, or repair

5 Tips for Better Logistics Management

Logistics has many moving parts, so it's important to streamline processes for better operations. Here are some tips and best practices for better logistics management:

1. Optimize inventory management

Effective inventory management can enhance logistics by optimizing the flow of goods and improving efficiency. To achieve this, you can implement inventory management methods such as:

  • Just-in-Time (JIT)
  • First In, First Out (FIFO)
  • Last-In, First-Out (LIFO)
  • Economic order quantity (EOQ)
  • ABC Analysis

Inventory management software can also help track stock levels and forecast demand, aiding in the decision-making process in logistics operations. In addition to optimizing storage space, safety stock must always be kept on hand for periods of high demand.

2. Improve transportation efficiency

Using the best routes, consolidating shipments, and improving delivery time can improve logistics management and customer satisfaction. Route optimization tools can also determine the fastest and most cost-efficient routes. This helps reduce fuel consumption and overall transportation costs while having shorter delivery times!

Efficient transportation can help improve communication between suppliers, warehouses, and distribution centers, ensuring smooth transactions and fewer disruptions. 

3. Streamline warehouse operations

As the central hub for receiving, storing, and distributing goods to recipients, warehouses are an essential part of logistics management. That said, you can implement a WMS to streamline these processes:

  • Picking and packing
  • Tracking the movement of goods
  • Improving overall inventory management

It also optimizes storage space by determining the best ways to store products, which can reduce congestion and enable quicker access to goods.

Accurate demand forecasting and conducting regular inventory audits also maintain the right balance of inventory, preventing overstocking and stockouts.

4. Invest in technology

Leveraging tech in logistics management can improve efficiency and enable better decision-making. Automating tasks like picking, sorting, and transporting goods within the warehouse can reduce human errors and speed up order fulfillment. 

Radiofrequency identification (RFID) can provide accurate, real-time inventory updates without the need for manual scanning. Depending on your business requirements, using WMS and transportation management systems (TMS) can also significantly improve your warehouse operations and transportation schedules.

5. Focus on customer service

Excellent customer service can build brand loyalty and maintain long-term client relationships. To achieve this, ensure on-time delivery and real-time order tracking to meet customer expectations. Regularly collect customer feedback to identify areas for improvements in warehouse and logistics operations. 

A simple yet customer-friendly return policy and efficient reverse logistics process can also make returns and exchanges a hassle-free process. 

Logistics Jargon You Should Know

Now that you’re familiar with how logistics works, here are common logistics terms to give you a better understanding of the industry’s language:

Warehousing

The process of storing goods in a warehouse before they are distributed or sold.

Transportation

The movement of goods from one location to another, either by road, rail, air, or sea.

Inventory

The raw materials, work-in-progress goods, and finished products a company holds for sale or production.

Freight

Goods being transported, typically by truck, ship, or aircraft.

Order fulfillment

The entire process of receiving, processing, and delivering orders to the end customer.

Lead time

The time between the start of an order and its completion or delivery.

Last-Mile Delivery

Last-mile delivery is the final step in the delivery process, where a product is transported from the distribution center to the end customer.

Reverse Logistics

The process of moving products from customers back to the seller for returns, repairs, recycling, or disposal.

Just-in-Time (JIT)

An inventory strategy where materials and products are received or produced only as needed to reduce inventory holding costs.

Third-Party Logistics (3PL)

A company that provides outsourced logistics services, including warehousing, transportation, and distribution.

Fourth-Party Logistics (4PL)

A logistics model where a company outsources its entire supply chain management to a single external provider.

First-In, First-Out (FIFO) 

An inventory management method where the oldest inventory (first in) is sold or used first to prevent spoilage or obsolescence.

SKU (Stock Keeping Unit)

An SKU is a unique identifier for each distinct product or item in a company's inventory and is used for tracking and managing stock.

Transportation Management System (TMS)

A logistics platform designed to optimize the planning, execution, and tracking of the movement of goods.

Warehouse Management System (WMS)

A software solution for managing warehouse operations, including inventory tracking, order picking, and shipping.

Do you want to expand your knowledge of logistics terms? Check out more fulfillment terms and lingo here!

Know the Ins and Outs of Logistics with iDrive

Logistics is an important factor in ensuring the smooth flow of goods and services throughout the supply chain, enabling businesses to meet customer demands. 

Efficient logistics management can:

  • Improve overall operational efficiency
  • Boost customer satisfaction
  • Give your brand a competitive edge in the market

At iDrive Logistics, we help find the right shipping and fulfillment solution for your business. We find solutions for all kinds of eCommerce businesses—whether it’s monitoring inventory or providing insights to optimize and minimize your shipping expenses.

Learn more about what we do and how we help our customers by checking out our case studies. If you want instant learning sessions, you can listen to our podcast for expert tips and the latest news on the go. You can also immerse yourself in more in-depth eCommerce shipping and fulfillment insights by exploring our blog to expand your industry knowledge!

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